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| Guide to the Perplexed ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
The Guide for the Perplexed
''The Guide for the Perplexed'' (Hebrew: , ''Moreh Nevukhim''; Arabic: , ''dalālatul ḥā’irīn'', (unicode:דלאל̈ה אלחאירין)) is one of the three major works of Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, primarily known either as Maimonides, in the West, or by the acronym ''RAMBAM'' ((ヘブライ語:רמב"ם) – for "''Rabbeynu Mosheh Ben Maimon''", "Our Rabbi Moses Son of Maimon"), by the Jewish People. It was written in Judeo-Arabic in the form of a three part letter to his student, Rabbi Joseph ben Judah of Ceuta, the son of Rabbi Judah, and is the main source of the Rambam's philosophical views, as opposed to his opinions on Jewish law.
Since many of the philosophical concepts, such as his view of theodicy and the relationship between philosophy and religion, are relevant beyond strictly Jewish theology, it has been the work most commonly associated with Maimonides in the non-Jewish world and it is known to have influenced several major non-Jewish philosophers.〔For example, Joseph Telushkin noted that "Thomas Aquinas refers in his writings to "Rabbi Moses," and shows considerable familiarity with the Guide. (【引用サイトリンク】title=Maimonides ) at the Jewish Virtual Library; also Leibniz wrote a commentary on the Guide.〕 Following its publication, "almost every philosophic work for the remainder of the Middle Ages cited, commented on, or criticized Maimonides' views."〔''Encyclopaedia Judaica'', (【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.encyclopaediajudaica.com/sample-articles/article_view.php?sid=moses-ben-maimon ) Second Edition, Volume 13, p. 388.〕 Within Judaism, the Guide became widely popular, with many Jewish communities requesting copies of the manuscript, but also quite controversial, with some communities limiting its study or banning it altogether.
== Contents ==
''The Guide for the Perplexed'' was originally written about 1190 by Maimonides in Judeo-Arabic. It was first translated in 1204 into Hebrew by a contemporary of Maimonides, Samuel ben Judah ibn Tibbon.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3963/ )〕 The work is divided into three books. According to Maimonides, he wrote the Guide "to promote the true understanding of the real spirit of the Law, to guide those religious persons who, adhering to the Torah, have studied philosophy and are embarrassed by the contradictions between the teachings of philosophy and the literal sense of the Torah,"〔Jacobs, Joseph and Issac Broydé. Jewish Encyclopedia, (【引用サイトリンク】title=Moses ben Maimon. ). See also, Maimonides, ''Guide for the Perplexed,'' Introduction, (page 2 ) of M. Friedländer's translation, 1919 ed.〕
and his main purpose is to expound on ''Maaseh Bereishit'' and ''Maaseh Merkavah'',〔"account of creation" and "account of the chariot." (Hebrew). The word "Merkabah", "chariot", is used in Ezekiel (1:4-26) to refer to the throne-chariot of God, the four-wheeled vehicle driven by four chayot "living creatures", each of which has four wings and four faces (of a man, lion, ox, and eagle). In medieval Judaism, the beginning of the book of Ezekiel was regarded as the most mystical passage in the Bible, and its study was discouraged, except by mature individuals with an extensive grounding in the study of traditional Jewish texts.〕 works of Jewish mysticism regarding the theology of creation from Genesis and the passage of the Chariot from Ezekiel, these being the two main mystical texts in the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). This analysis occurs in the third book, and from this perspective, the issues raised in the first two books are there to provide background and a progression in the mystical and philosophical knowledge required to ponder the climax.
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